The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Literature is an in-depth examination of literature through a philosophical lens, written by distinguished figures across the major divisions of philosophy. Its 40 newly-commissioned essays are divided into six sections: historical foundations what is literature? aesthetics & appreciation meaning & interpretation metaphysics & epistemology ethics & political theory The Companion opens with a comprehensive historical overview of the philosophy of literature, including chapters on the study's ancient origins up to the 18th-20th centuries. The second part defines literature and its different categories. The third part covers the aesthetics of literature. The fourth and fifth sections discuss the meaning and consequences of philosophical interpretation of literature, as well as epistemological and metaphysical issues such as literary cognitivism and imaginative resistance. The sixth section contextualizes the place of philosophy of literature in the "real world" with essays on topics such as morality, politics, race and gender. Fully indexed, with helpful further reading sections at the end of each chapter, this Companion is an ideal starting point for those coming to philosophy of literature for the first time as well as a valuable reference for readers more familiar with the subject.

Swift-boat-ing (swift-bo-ting) n. as defined by the Left, the political trick of claiming to expose the truth while in fact lying.

Was George W. Bush really the worst president in American history? Was the Iraq War really the biggest foreign policy blunder of all recorded time? Did Bush really steal the 2000 election, make war on civil rights, torture innocent goatherds, and prove America's racism during Hurricane Katrina? If this is what you think, then you may have been swiftboated by the liberal media.

The swiftboating of George W. Bush began in 2000 and continued throughout his presidency, spreading lies about his response to 9/11, the Iraq War, warrantless wiretapping, enhanced interrogation techniques, the Surge, uranium from Nigeria, the number of deaths in Iraq, the federal response to Katrina, and much, much more. In How the Left Swiftboated America, talk-radio host and bestselling author John Gibson sets the record straight, showing how, in case after case, Bush's performance was much better than most people were misled to believe. And he calls on all Americans to fight back and put an end to the swiftboating lies of the Left.

The Literary Wittgenstein is a stellar collection of articles relating the philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) to core problems in the theory and philosophy of literature. Amid growing recognition that Wittgenstein's philosophy has important implications for literary studies, this book brings together twenty-one articles by the most prominent figures in the field. Eighteen of the articles are published here for the first time. The Literary Wittgenstein applies the approach of Wittgenstein to core areas of literary theory, including poetry, deconstruction, the ethical value of literature, and the nature and logic of fictional discourse. The literary dimension of Wittgenstein's own writings is also explored, such as the authorial strategy of the Tractatus, and writing and method in the Philosophical Investigations. Major literary figures discussed in the book include William Faulkner, Joseph Conrad, and Friedrich Hoelderlin. By mapping out the foundations of a new approach to literature, The Literary Wittgenstein is essential reading for anyone interested in the relevance and application of Wittgenstein's thought to literary theory, aesthetics, and the philosophy of language and logic.

A team of leading contributors from both philosophical and literary backgrounds have been brought together in this impressive book to examine how works of literary fiction can be a source of knowledge. Together, they analyze the important trends in this current popular debate.

The innovative feature of this volume is that it mixes work by literary theorists and scholars with work of analytic philosophers that combined together provide a comprehensive statement of the variety of ways in which works of fiction can engage questions of worldly interest. It uses the problem of cognitive value to explore:

• literature s contribution to ethical life
• literature s ability to engage in social and political critique
• the role narrative plays in opening up possibilities of moral, aesthetic, experience and selfhood

This remarkable volume will attract the attention of both literature and philosophy scholars with its statement of the various ways that literature and life take an interest in one another.

A team of leading contributors from both philosophical and literary backgrounds have been brought together in this impressive book that examines how works of literary fiction can be a source of knowledge. It analyzes the important trends in this current popular debate, which have never before been collected together in a single volume.

The innovative feature of this volume is that it mixes work by literary theorists and scholars with work of analytic philosophers that combined together provide a comprehensive statement of the variety of ways in which works of fiction can engage questions of worldly interest. It uses the problem of cognitive value to explore:

• literature's contribution to ethical life
• literature's ability to engage in social and political critique
• the role narrative plays in opening up possibilities of moral, aesthetic, experience and selfhood.

This remarkable volume will attract a broad audience from around the world among professionals and students with a great variety of interests.

The Literary Wittgenstein is a stellar collection of articles relating the philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) to core problems in the theory and philosophy of literature. Amid growing recognition that Wittgenstein's philosophy has important implications for literary studies, this book brings together twenty-one articles by the most prominent figures in the field. Eighteen of the articles are published here for the first time. The Literary Wittgenstein applies the approach of Wittgenstein to core areas of literary theory, including poetry, deconstruction, the ethical value of literature, and the nature and logic of fictional discourse. The literary dimension of Wittgenstein's own writings is also explored, such as the authorial strategy of the Tractatus, and writing and method in the Philosophical Investigations. Major literary figures discussed in the book include William Faulkner, Joseph Conrad, and Friedrich Hoelderlin. By mapping out the foundations of a new approach to literature, The Literary Wittgenstein is essential reading for anyone interested in the relevance and application of Wittgenstein's thought to literary theory, aesthetics, and the philosophy of language and logic.

First Published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Literature is an in-depth examination of literature through a philosophical lens, written by distinguished figures across the major divisions of philosophy. Its 40 newly-commissioned essays are divided into six sections: historical foundations what is literature? aesthetics & appreciation meaning & interpretation metaphysics & epistemology ethics & political theory The Companion opens with a comprehensive historical overview of the philosophy of literature, including chapters on the study's ancient origins up to the 18th-20th centuries. The second part defines literature and its different categories. The third part covers the aesthetics of literature. The fourth and fifth sections discuss the meaning and consequences of philosophical interpretation of literature, as well as epistemological and metaphysical issues such as literary cognitivism and imaginative resistance. The sixth section contextualizes the place of philosophy of literature in the "real world" with essays on topics such as morality, politics, race and gender. Fully indexed, with helpful further reading sections at the end of each chapter, this Companion is an ideal starting point for those coming to philosophy of literature for the first time as well as a valuable reference for readers more familiar with the subject.

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. Volume 1 opens with Scott's brief autobiography, written in 1808 and revised in 1825. Lockhart's biography proper opens with Scott's birth in 1771, provides an account of his education, and concludes here with his first contributions to the Edinburgh Review in 1804.

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. Incorporating accounts of Scott's correspondence with Southey, Wordsworth and Byron, Volume 2 opens with the death of Walter's uncle, Captain Robert Scott, in 1804, leading readers through the commencement of Waverley and the foundation of the Ballantyne publishing firm. This portion of Lockhart's account concludes in 1812.

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. Volume 3 opens in 1812 with an account of 'one of the busiest summers of Scott's busy life', during which he finally moved into his beloved Abbotsford. Incorporating extracts from Scott's correspondence with the English poet George Crabbe, this volume covers the period in which Scott finished Waverley (1814) and published in verse The Field of Waterloo (1815).

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. Volume 4 leads readers through the productive years of 1816-20, covering the publication of the first Tales of My Landlord (1816), The Heart of Midlothian (1818), and the preparation of the manuscript of Ivanhoe (1820). Using Scott's private correspondence, Lockhart reveals much about the writer's agreements and disputes with distinguished men of politics and letters.

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. In volume 5, Lockhart examines Scott's personal and professional life during the years 1820-5. After introducing readers to the hospitality that Scott bestowed on his guests at Abbotsford, the author then turns the reader's attention to Scott's literary achievements with the publication of The Abbot (1820) and the commencement of St Ronan's Well (1823).

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. Volume 6 covers the years 1825-6, during which Scott experienced literary triumph with the publication of Tales of the Crusaders (1825), continued to work on Woodstock (1826), and took an excursion to Ireland. The closing chapters cover the banking crises of 1825 and hint at the financial catastrophes that were to plague the author until his death seven years later.

As son-in-law and literary executor to Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832), John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) was uniquely placed to produce a definitive biography of the great poet and novelist. First published in 1837-8, shortly after Scott's death, this celebrated seven-volume work is based on personal memories, correspondence, and Scott's own autobiographical sketches. Wide-ranging in his purview, Lockhart is also detailed in his descriptions: the Aberdeen Journal of the day observed that the volumes trace Scott's life and literary efforts with 'the most minute distinctness'. Volume 7 covers the period from 1826 until Scott's death in 1832. This was perhaps the darkest chapter in Scott's life, during which his financial woes forced him to sell the copyright for the Waverley novels. This final volume also includes an appendix listing Scott's publications as well as an index of names.

Locals and visitors to Maine's beautiful coastline will find miles of satisfying hiking, with outings that range from short walks for families to all-day excursions for serious hikers. Each hike in this guide includes a topographic map, information on difficulty, mileage, and elevation, and a detailed description of the route. An overview chart at the beginning of the book describes the 50 hikes at a glance for easy trip planning.

The first complete edition of Peter's Letters since 1819 Offers an eyewitness account of Scotland at a key point in its cultural history Includes fully edited text and apparatus Genesis and publishing history of the work Provides detailed and precise annotations In Peter's Letters to his Kinsfolk (1819) the young John Gibson Lockhart (under the guise of an elderly Welsh physician) portrayed and analysed the society of Regency Glasgow and Edinburgh in terms of German nationalist and Romantic criticism. Focusing on the networks of the law, the church, the universities, fine art, antiquarianism, literature, theatre, and periodical culture he provided a series of brilliant, sometimes serious and sometimes satirical, portraits of the most notable characters of the day and the institutions they represented, and his text is accompanied by a series of portrait engravings and of vignettes of significant moments in his tour. This edition presents the first complete text of this widely-allusive work published since 1819, together with the substantial notes that a modern reader requires to understand it fully. The editorial apparatus also comprises a detailed index and an essay on the contemporary illustrations.

Wittgenstein is often regarded as the most important philosopher of the twentieth century, and in recent decades, his work has begun to play a prominent role in literary studies, particularly in debates over language, interpretation, and critical judgment. Wittgenstein and Literary Studies solidifies this critical movement, assembling recent critics and philosophers who understand Wittgenstein as a counterweight to longstanding tendencies in both literary studies and philosophical aesthetics. The essays here cover a wide range of topics. Why have contemporary writers been so drawn to Wittgenstein? What is a Wittgensteinian response to New Historicism, Post-Critique, and other major critical movements? How does Wittgenstein help us understand the nature of style, fiction, poetry, and the link between ethics and aesthetics? As the volume makes clear, Wittgenstein's work provides a rare bridge between professional philosophy and literary studies, offering us a way out of entrenched positions and their denials-what Wittgenstein himself called 'pictures' 'that held us captive.'

Offers Lockhart's final text to modern readers for the first time Offers the first scholarly edition of Lockhart's best-know novel based on Lockhart's final text Supplies extensive annotation and full scholarly apparatus Includes a thorough textual history based on comparative study of the manuscript, corrected proof pages, first edition, and second edition Some Passages in the Life of Mr Adam Blair (1822), John Gibson Lockhart's second and best-known novel, is the story of a Church of Scotland minister whose sexual relationship with a married woman has tragic consequences. One of the earliest serious studies in fiction of a minister in Scottish society, the novel also explores gender roles through the character of Blair's friend in the affair, Charlotte. This edition provides the first modern publication of Lockhart's final text, the revised second edition (1824), as well as the first scholarly edition of the novel, including extensive annotations and a detailed textual history.